Introduction to Vilnius
Vilnius is a city where history, creativity, and a touch of mystery intertwine.
Its cobblestone Old Town is a labyrinth of medieval streets, baroque churches, and hidden courtyards.
This guide covers the top 10 attractions of Vilnius and much more, helping you get deeper insight into this intriguing city.
Fun Facts About Vilnius
- A Republic Within a City – Užupis, Vilnius’s artistic district, declared itself an independent republic in 1997, with a constitution that includes ‘Everyone has the right to be happy’.
- The City Has a Frank Zappa Statue – Although Frank Zappa has no connection to Vilnius, a statue of him was added as a symbol of artistic freedom.
- One of the World’s Narrowest Streets – Literatai Street, is so small you might miss it. Its walls are covered in tiny plaques honoring writers connected to Lithuania.
- Hot Air Balloon Capital – Vilnius is one of the few European capitals where hot air ballooning is allowed directly over the city.
A Brief History of Vilnius
In 1323, Grand Duke Gediminas described Vilnius the capital of Lithuania in his letters to European merchants and craftsmen, inviting them to settle there.
By the 1500's, it had become a thriving center of Baroque architecture and academia.
Over the years, it endured Russian, Polish, Nazi, and Soviet rule, each leaving its mark. Despite occupations, Vilnius never lost its identity.
Lithuania regained independence in 1990, and today, the city maintains its blend of medieval charm and modern creativity.
Top 10 Attractions in Vilnius
1. Vilnius Old Town
If medieval streets, hidden courtyards, and a skyline filled with Gothic and Baroque spires sound appealing, you’ll love Vilnius Old Town.
A UNESCO World Heritage Site, it’s home to landmarks like the 16th-century Town Hall, St. John’s Church, and the Presidential Palace.
Pilies Street is perfect for grabbing local crafts or a coffee in a historic setting. Duck into a courtyard, and you might find an art gallery or a quiet medieval alleyway.
The Amber Museum-Gallery showcases Baltic amber, while Vilnius University adds an academic touch. After an afternoon wandering here, you’ll start feeling like a local.
2. Gediminas Castle Tower
This 14th-century red-brick tower stands on a hill overlooking the city and offers the best panoramic view in Vilnius.
Inside, a museum displays medieval weapons, armor, and historical maps, giving insight into Lithuania’s days as a powerful realm.
The climb up the hill is steep, but reaching the top feels like a reward. Outside, you can see remnants of the Upper Castle and defensive walls.
The views from the tower stretch over Cathedral Square, the Neris River, and the Old Town rooftops. If you visit at sunset, the golden glow over Vilnius is worth every step of the climb.
3. St. Anne’s Church
A Gothic masterpiece built in the 15th century using 33 types of red brick, St. Anne’s Church is a must-see for architecture lovers.
The intricate façade, with its pointed arches and delicate tracery, looks like something a perfectionist medieval architect lost sleep over.
Inside, the vaulted ceilings and modest altar contrast with the dramatic exterior. Right next door, Bernardine Church combines Gothic, Renaissance, and Baroque elements, featuring impressive wooden altars and faded frescoes.
4. Užupis District
Vilnius' quirkiest neighborhood, Užupis, is a self-declared artistic republic complete with its own president, constitution, and national holiday.
The Užupis Constitution, displayed on a metal wall, includes “Everyone has the right to be happy” and “A cat is not obliged to love its owner.”
The district is filled with street art, sculptures, and the Užupis Art Incubator, where contemporary artists exhibit their work.
The Angel of Užupis statue stands at the main square, symbolizing the area’s creative spirit.
5. Vilnius Cathedral
With its massive white columns and triangular pediment, this neoclassical cathedral wouldn’t look out of place in Ancient Rome.
Inside, the Chapel of St. Casimir steals the show, its Baroque altarpiece decorated with silver and gold.
Crypts below the cathedral hold the remains of Lithuanian royalty. The separate bell tower offers impressive views over the square.
Right in front, look for the Stebuklas tile. Legend says if you stand on it, spin three times and make a wish, it’ll come true.
6. The Gate of Dawn
Once part of the city’s 16th-century defensive walls, this is the only remaining original gate of Vilnius.
What makes it special is the Chapel of the Virgin Mary, which holds a miraculous icon said to heal the sick.
The chapel has an upper balcony that looks out over the Old Town. Below, the gate connects to the former Jewish Quarter, another historically significant area.
7. Bernardinų Garden
Originally a monastery garden, this peaceful park along the Vilnia River is perfect for a break from sightseeing.
It has a rose gardens, 200 year old old trees, a botanical section with plants used by monks for herbal medicine, an open-air library and a musical fountain to add to the charm.
In autumn, golden leaves contrast beautifully with the red-brick Bernardine Church nearby. This is the place to go when you want a quiet spot to relax with a coffee.
8. The Church of Saints Peter and Paul
The Church of Saints Peter and Paul in Vilnius is a must-see gem for anyone exploring Lithuania’s capital.
In fact, its interior is considered one of the finest examples of Baroque craftsmanship in all of Europe.
Built between 1668 and 1701, it dazzles visitors with more than 2,000 intricate stucco sculptures.
9. KGB Museum
Historical accounts of Soviet-era oppression are preserved in the walls of the former KGB headquarters, now a chilling museum.
The most disturbing parts include the interrogation rooms, soundproofed torture cells, and the execution chamber, where bullet holes in the walls remain untouched.
Exhibits feature KGB surveillance tools, personal letters from prisoners, and detailed records of mass deportations.
Upstairs, the museum covers Lithuania’s resistance movements, showing how people fought back against Soviet rule.
10. Museum of Illusions
If you need a break from history, this museum is the perfect way to mess with your brain.
Walk through a Vortex Tunnel that scrambles your balance explore mirrored infinity rooms that seem to stretch forever and enter virtual reality zones.
Unlike other museums where you just look at things, here you can touch, play, and even become part of the exhibits.
5 Must-Try Dishes & Drinks in Vilnius
1. Vėdarai (Potato Sausage) – A traditional Lithuanian dish made from grated potatoes mixed with bacon or pork fat, seasoned, and stuffed into a natural casing before baking.
2. Bulviniai Blynai (Potato Pancakes) – These crispy potato pancakes are a staple in Lithuanian cuisine. They're often served with sour cream or a mushroom sauce.
3. Šakotis (Tree Cake) – Šakotis, meaning "branched tree," is a traditional Lithuanian cake known for its unique, tree-like appearance. A visually striking and delicious treat.
4. Lithuanian Mead (Midus) – A traditional honey-based drink that’s smooth, slightly sweet, and easy to enjoy, dating back to medieval times.
5. Trejos Devynerios (999) Herbal Vodka – A complex herbal liqueur with 27 ingredients, offering a bold, aromatic taste with hints of spice and bitterness.
Mysteries & Legends of Vilnius
The Dissapearing Cafe – Some locals say a mysterious café appears, then vanishes without a trace. Those who find it leave with profound insights.
The Phantom Monk – A monk entombed in Vilnius Cathedral for breaking his vows still haunts the site.
The Lady in White – A pale woman is said to appear at night near the Gate of Dawn, staring silently before fading into the walls.
The Never-Ending Library – Deep under Vilnius University, there's said to be a secret room with books that write themselves as the future unfolds.
Key Takeaways in Vilnius
- A City of History and Mystery – Vilnius’ Old Town is filled with medieval streets & Gothic churches.
- Must-See Landmarks – These include Gediminas Castle Tower, St. Anne’s Church, Vilnius Cathedral and the Gate of Dawn.
- Mysteries & Legends of Vilnius – Legends like the dissapearing cafe & the phantom monk keep history alive in haunting ways.
- Food and Drink – Traditional Lithuanian dishes and drinks like Lithuanian Mead are well worth trying out.
- Unique Attractions – Hot air balloon rides over the Old Town and stunning architecture make Vilnius even more unforgettable.